March 2009

Italy authorized the ratification of the new U.S.-Italy tax treaty (the “1999 Treaty”), together with a protocol and memorandum of understanding.

The 1999 Treaty shall enter into force on the date on which the instruments of ratification are exchanged and shall apply to taxable periods beginning on or after the first day of the following year.

However, for withholding taxes, the 1999 Treaty shall apply to payments made or accrued on or after the first day of the second month following its entry into force.

The 1999 Treaty contains several new important provisions, including provisions on limitation on benefits, arbitration, branch profits tax, reduced withholding rates, creditability of the Italian regional tax on production activities, and application of treaty benefits to partnerships.

Italian Supreme Court denied treaty benefits to dividends paid to a US limited partnership. US LP did not qualify for treaty benefits under the US-Italy treaty since fiscally transparent in the US. A Japanese fund member of the US LP failed to qualify for treaty benefits under the Italy-Japan treaty since it was not the legal recipient of the dividend.

Italy’s Tax Administration in ruling 54 of March 3, 2009 clarified that debt instruments issued by Italian limited liability companies (SRLs) can qualify as debt obligations for tax purposes, and interest paid thereunder can be eligible for the exemption from Italian tax (portfolio interest exemption) fore foreign investors, if the instrument is not part of a permanent establishment of the foreign investor in Italy and the foreign investor otherwise qualifies for the exemption by reasons of being resident or domiciled in an approved jurisdiction (white-listed country).